Transmission-line lightning-proofing structures



Feb. 27; 1968 s, B. GmscoM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFINGSTRUCTURES Filed Feb. 26, 1963 22 Sheets-Sheet 2 6 m X 0 M 2 E 0 0 6 m lO X X I X O m m a e Y '2 3 LEADER EXTENSION K M mmkmi mun. mmEO 5OuOmQEwomaio 0 O O O 2 .07 SEC.

o .oo'25 .005 00 15 .o'lo -flME-SECONDS mmroow o m m m wi m w 0 I0002000 3000 4000-XMETERS- Feb. 27, 1968 s. B. emscom 3,

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING SII'RUCTURES Filed Feb. 26, 19630005 sEc.

Fig. 5.

0.07 SEC. 0.00! SEC.

mmmkwz m m nam m 440F510 m0 .523 mwm O l 0 60 .2 P5515 n o a u o d N Y mm 0 n w m P m D m 5 T R 0 A E w m m. a m 3% H m H m a H R R AWE Wm N NEmm AD w T UM EH E A m SE LC LR H I S M H R R T E G R D AN EU h u T n n un n n 0 J I l l 0 o w m m wmzOJDoO mwmzIu O wI mmOdmJ O O N m m R MMA TV u h P v P E A F R N w W r2 o H C R D R E R H mm M L A U A w E Y E E LC LH Feb. 27, 1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMIS S ION-LINE LIGHTN ING PROOFINGSTRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 O 0 mm GRADIENT RATIO6/ '+%1;;:;F.G.8, 9727/7777] 797777777 Fig.9A.

Fig.9Bf

Feb. 27, 1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFINGSTRUCTURES 22 Shecs-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 7 mETH P5550 m m ommwfiz m 392 l w w r l W u n m w O m l o w m m m l.

Fig. |o..

Feb. 27, 1968 5.5. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFINGSTRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 TIME MICROSECONDSFig.ll.

CALCULATED l8 CM GAP WITH DELAY |f0 i2 l:4 are is 20 TIME MICROSECONDS Flg. I2C.

CALCULATED I4CM GAP .2 .4 -.a 1.0 .2 4 L6 is 2.0

'rms-mcnosecowos m 5 O mmmmmi kzmmmno www WMGUlSZ FZUKEDO 6 m m S F m 82N 20 M w n GP O. E A .m S M W m W a 8. R T P .r 8. CE K C A A W RC m 9LG A3 .l :6. 9 P m F C E AM M8 am ll T W 0 IO Fig. I20,

Feb; 27, 1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING PROOFINGSTRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Feb. 26, 1965 Feb. 27, 1968 s. B.GRISCOM TRANSMISSION'LINE LIGHTNING -PROOFING STRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet6 Filed Feb. 26,

TIME IN MICROSECONDS Fi 9. l6.

22 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 Fig.l8B.

w zmomm mw .50 mOm mzj mozmmmmmm $8 $35 wow @2305 9 may/50% Feb. 27,1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES 22Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 CHARGE CONDUCTED T0 EARTHTlME--MICROSECONDS Fig. 20.

' I00 ELEVAT|ON OF LEADER 0 8 6 4 2 o O O O -|5OO |25O -|OOO -75O HEAD-METERS -25O -TlME-MICROSECONDS Fig.2l.

Feb. 27, 1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING PROOFINGSTRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 Flg 22 F n NH O 9 8 76 5 4 3 2 l O O O O O O O O O O J w 9 8 7 6 5 W 3 2 I mwmmmsz kzmmmzu 45 TIME-MICROSECONDS Fig. 23.

Feb. 27, 1968 s, a. GRISCOM 3,371,144

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 12 FiledFeb. 26, 1963 GROUND WIRE PHASE CONDUCTORS GROUND WIRE -25u Fig.26.

Fig. 27.

Feb. 27, 1968 5 mscom 3,371,144

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES Filed Feb. 26. 1965 22ts- 15 9 I w 400 Fig.28. 40 T 27 Fig.2 8A.

I l7 l7 T Feb. 27, 1968 s. B. GRISCOM TRANSMISSION'LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 14 Filed Feb. 26, 1963 O 2 5 I W 2a n 5 a a f :J I: :2 U 0 4 W 2 a a 2 5 Fig.33.

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 15 FiledFeb. 26, 1963 Feb. 27, 1968 s. a. GRISCOM TRANSMISSI ON-LINE LIGHTNINGPROOFING STRUCTURES 22 Sheets-Sheet 16 Filed Feb. 26, 1965 Feb. 27, 1968s. B. CIERISCOM- 3,

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURES Filed Feb. 26, 1963 22Sheets-Sheet 17 2s '5 R L /GROUND WIRE AND PHASE CONDUCTORQSUPERIMPOSED) l0 l5 IO 50 50 H 79 i Q, 26 79 78a, 50 I7 7 I i 8 l 7 l26 I7 79 if 4| I7 26 Fig.40.

Feb. 27, 1968 s. a. GRISCOM 3,371,144

TRANSMISSION-LINE LIGHTNING PROOFING STRUCTURES Filed Feb. 26, 1963 22Sheets-Sheet 16 l7 86 F|g.43. j 1%. X

g m 82 820 X] R STROKE cuRRE -T I L .X AMPS.

PRESTRIKE CURRENT I Fig.42A.

| RETURN STROKE I i 1 l l I l l I Fig. 49.

I l I T 3F 5-IO,1.LSEC.TIME

I usEc. (MICRO-SECONDS) STROKE CURRENT (AMPS) PRESTRIKE CURRENT RETURNSTROKE Fig. 50.

5-lO/LSEC. 50=|OO,lLSEC. TIME MICRO-SECONDS Fig. 42. T

Feb, 27, 1968 s. a. GRISCOM 3,371,144

TRANSMISSION-L|INE LIGHTNING PROO1ING STRUCTURES Filed Feb. 26, 1965 22heets-Sheet 19 lob I00 2 x 26 I? x 26 l7 lOc x I? I Fig.44A.

1. AN UPSTANDING METALLIC TRANSMISSION-TOWER STRUCTURE HAVING ONE ORMORE GROUNDED SUPPORT MEMBERS FOR SUPPORTING INSULATOR-STRINGASSEMBLAGES, ONE OR MORE INSULATOR-STRING ASSEMBLAGES, ONE OR MORE PHASECONDUCTORS AND SECURED IN DEPENDING RELATION TO SAID ONE OR MOREGROUNDED SUPPORT MEMBERS, A PLURALITY OF RODLIKE METALLIC CANTILEVERMEMBERS IN UNITARY RELATION DISPOSED IN A GENERALLY HORIZONTAL PLANEPASSING IN CLOSE PROXIMITY THROUGH THE POINT OF ATTACHMENT OF SAID ONEOR MORE INSULATOR-STRING ASSEMBLAGES, WHEREBY TO INCREASE THEELECTROSTATIC COUPLING BETWEEN SAID ONE OR MORE GROUNDED SUPPORT MEMBERSAND THE ONE OR MORE PHASE CONDUCTORS TO REDUCE THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCEACROSS THE INSULATORSTRING ASSEMBLAGES DURING LIGHTNING-STROKEPHENOMENA, AND CAUSE THE VOLTAGE ACROSS THE INSULATORS TO BE MOREUNIFORM, WHEREBY THE ENTIRE STRING WILL HAVE GREATER ELECTRICALSTRENGTH.
 15. IN COMBINATION, A METALLIC TRANSMISSION-TOWER STRUCTUREFOR CARRYING PHASE CONDUCTORS AND A GROUND WIRE, A METALLIC WHIP-TYPEMAST EXTENDING UPWARDLY FROM THE TOWER STRUCTURE TO DRAIN ELECTROSTATICCHARGE, AND THE MAST BEING FROM 20 TO 100 FEET IN LENGTH.
 20. SUBSTATIONLIGHTNING-PROOFING STRUCTURE INCLUDING MEANS (81) TERMINATING A PHASECONDUCTOR (17), AN UPSTANDING GROUNDED METALLIC SUPPORTING STRUCTURE(82) DISPOSED IN THE NEAR VICINITY OF SAID PHASE CONDUCTOR (17) ANDSUPPORTING A METALLIC GROUNDED CANTILEVER-ROD STRUCTURE (84), SAIDMETALLIC GROUNDED CANTILEVER-ROD CONSTRUCTION (84) COMPRISING AT LEASTTWO GENERALLY OPPOSITELYEXTENDING CANTILEVER RODS (85) ATTACHED TOGETHER(86) AND EXTENDING IN A PLANE GENERALLY PARALLEL TO SAID PHASE CONDUCTOR(17), WHEREBY THE ELECTROSTATIC COUPLING BETWEEN THE SUPPORTINGSTRUCTURE (82) AND THE PHASE CONDUCTOR (17) WILL BE INCREASED.